2013~2019年广州某院消化系统恶性肿瘤流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Malignant Tumors of the Digestive System in a Hospital in Guangzhou from 2013 to 2019

目的分析广州某三甲医院2013~2019年收治的消化系统恶性肿瘤患者的流行病学特征,为开展消化系统恶性肿瘤的防治工作提供科学依据。方法调取某院2013~2019年首次诊断为消化系统恶性肿瘤(C15-C26)的病案首页信息,分析不同性别、不同年份、不同年龄消化系统恶性肿瘤构成情况。结果消化系统恶性肿瘤患者男性多于女性,男女比例为1.77∶1,尤其是食管癌(4.32∶1)和肝癌(4.03∶1),男女患者构成比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2013~2019年某院收治的消化系统恶性肿瘤病人呈逐年增长趋势,肿瘤前5位依次是直肠癌、结肠癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌;其中结直肠癌的构成比呈逐年上升趋势,胃癌的构成比先保持不变后呈下降趋势;食管癌和肝癌的构成比呈逐年下降趋势;发病年龄高峰主要集中在50~60岁(25.15%)和60~70岁(31.68%)。结论消化系统恶性肿瘤发病具有性别、年龄、部位差异,应关注结直肠癌和胃癌及中老年人群,重视消化系统恶性肿瘤的三级预防,降低消化系统肿瘤的发病率和疾病负担。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of digestive system malignant tumors from 2013 to 2019 in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou,to provide scientific reference for tumor prevention and treatment.Methods Collecting information on the first page of medical records of a hospital diagnosed with malignant tumors of the digestive system(C15-C26)from 2013 to 2019,and analyze the composition of malignant tumors of the digestive system of different genders,years and ages.Results There were more males than females in patients with malignant tumors of the digestive system,with a male to female ratio of 1.77∶1,especially for esophageal cancer(4.32∶1)and liver cancer(4.03∶1).There was a statistically significant difference in the composition of male and female patients(P<0.05);The number of patients with malignant tumors of the digestive system admitted to a hospital from 2013 to 2019 was increasing year by year.The top 5 tumors were rectal cancer,colon cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,and liver cancer.Among them,the proportion of colorectal cancer was increasing year by year,and gastric cancer composition ratio of esophageal cancer and liver cancer showed a downward trend year after year;the composition ratio of esophageal cancer and liver cancer was declining year by year;the peak age of onset was mainly concentrated in 50-60 years(25.15%)and 60-70 years(31.68%).Conclusion The incidence of malignant tumors of the digestive system has differences in gender,age,and location.We should pay attention to colorectal cancer,gastric cancer,and middle-aged and elderly people,and pay attention to the tertiary prevention of malignant tumors of the digestive system to reduce the incidence and burden of diseases of digestive system tumors.