互联网使用能提高农户生产效率吗?——以陕冀鲁三省蔬菜种植户为例

Can the Internet Use Improve Farmers Production Efficiency?Evidence From Vegetable Growers in Shaanxi,Hebei and Shandong Provinces

互联网不仅是农户收集、利用信息进行农业生产和创新的重要工具,而且是转变农业发展方式,实现农业现代化的重要引擎。从微观层面剖析互联网使用对农户生产效率的影响具有一定的现实意义。本文以陕西省、河北省及山东省1930个农户为样本,利用随机前沿生产函数和倾向得分匹配法检验互联网使用对农户生产效率的影响,结果表明:互联网使用能够显著提高农户生产效率。在考虑反事实情况的基础上,使用互联网的农户生产效率比不使用互联网的农户高7.13%。使用工具变量法检验内生性问题后,实证结果依然稳健。进一步利用回归调整法对互联网使用影响农户生产效率的内部机制进行分解,探讨要素配置和技术进步的作用机理及贡献率,结果显示:资本投入贡献率最大,土地面积和科技投入次之,劳动力投入最小。基于此,提出重视农村互联网发展,优化生产要素配置,提高农村科技投入等措施。

The Internet is not only an important tool for farmers to collect and use information for agricultural production and innovation,but also an important engine for the transformation of agricultural development and the realization of agricultural modernization.It is of practical significance to analyze the impact of the Internet use on the production efficiency of farmers from the micro-level.This article uses 1930 farmer households in Shandong,Shaanxi and Hebei provinces as samples,and uses Stochastic Frontier Production Function and Propensity Score Matching to test the impact of the Internet use on farmer s production efficiency.The results show that the use of the Internet can significantly improve the production efficiency of farmers.Considering the counterfactual situation,it can be obtained that the production efficiency of farmers who use the Internet is 7.13%higher than that of farmers who do not use the Internet.With the instrumental variable method examination of the endogenous problems,the results are still convincing.With the further use of the regression adjustment method to decompose the internal mechanism of the Internet use affecting the production efficiency of farmers,and analyze the mechanism and contribution rate of factor allocation and technological progress,the results show that the contribution rate of capital input is the largest,followed by land area and technology input,and labor input is the smallest.Based on the results,measures such as attaching importance to rural Internet development,optimizing the allocation of production factors,and increasing rural scientific and technological input are proposed.