清代重庆育婴慈善活动的历史考察——以育婴堂为中心

Historical Study of Chongqing Infant Care Charity Activities in the Qing Dynasty:Taking Yuying Tang as an Example

清代社会保障事业普遍兴起,针对不同人群的各种慈善救助机构、组织在全国广泛设立。在地方政府和民间力量的共同努力下,重庆创设了辐射城乡的拯婴善堂——育婴堂,以拯救婴孩、挽救社会颓风,同时推动了清代重庆慈幼事业的较快发展。政府扮演积极角色,是清代重庆育婴事业发展的一大特点。从整体上看,清代重庆育婴事业还存在救助规模有限、经费不足以及管理混乱等问题,使得救济效果受到一定影响。

In the Qing Dynasty,the social security undertaking developed widely,and various charitable relief agencies and organizations were set up in the whole country for different groups of people.With the joint efforts of the local government and the folk forces,Yuying Tang(foundling hospitals)was created in Chongqing,which radiated the urban and rural areas,in order to save the babies and save the social decadence.At the same time,it promoted the rapid development of Chongqing's baby care undertaking in Qing Dynasty.The government played an active role,which was a major feature of Chongqing's baby care development in Qing Dynasty.On the whole,there were some problems in Chongqing's baby care in Qing Dynasty,such as limited scale of assistance,lack of funds and management confusion,which affected the relief effect to a certain extent.