“者”字结构新析——以秦简牍材料为例

A New Analysis of the Structure of"者"--Take the Qin Jian Du as an example

秦简牍材料中的“者”字结构计有四大类:NP+者、VP+者、NP+VP+者、小句+者。其句法功能是表示解释判断、修饰限制和条件假设。解释判断型“者”字结构中的“者”为“复指代词”或“被饰代词”;修饰限制型中的“者”为关系代词;条件假设型中的“者”为“语末助词”。

There are four main categories of the structure of"者"in Qin Jian Du:NP+"者",VP+"者",NP+VP+"者"and clause+"者".Its syntactic function is explanation and judgment,modification and limitation,condition and assumption.The "者"in the structure of explanation and judgment is"plural pronoun"or"adorned pronoun",in the structure of modification and limitation is"relative pronoun",in the structure of condition and assumption is"auxiliary words".