营养治疗老年冠心病的临床效果及其对患者生化指标的影响

Clinical effect of alimentotherapy in elderly CHD patients and its influence on their biochemical parameters

目的分析营养治疗老年冠心病的临床效果及其对患者生化指标的影响。方法选取2018年3月~2020年3月本院收治的老年冠心病患者120例,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例,对照组采纳常规治疗手法,实验组常规治疗基础上,实施个体化营养支持治疗,对比2组治疗前和治疗2周后体质量指数(BMI)、生化指标、营养支持相关的消化系统并发症和营养不良发生率、住院时间、住院费用。结果治疗前2组BMI、TG、TC、LDL-C、前白蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白、N末端B型钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与治疗前比较,2组治疗2周后BMI、前白蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白明显升高,TG、TC、LDL-C、NT-proBNP明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗2周后,实验组BMI、前白蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白明显高于对照组,TG、TC、LDL-C、NT-proBNP明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。实验组营养支持相关的消化系统并发症、营养风险发生率、住院时间及治疗费用明显低于对照组[1.67%vs 15.00%,P=0.008;3.33%vs 21.67%,P=0.002;(5.06±0.26)d vs(8.26±1.64)d,P=0.000;(3851.26±120.66)元vs(4968.59±218.47)元,P=0.000]。结论营养治疗可有效改善老年冠心病患者营养状况,降低TG、TC、LDL-C、NT-proBNP水平及营养风险发生率,效果显著,值得借鉴。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of alimentotherapy in elderly CHD patients and its influence on their biochemical parameters.Methods One hundred and twenty elderly CHD patients admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to March 2020 were randomly divided into experimental group(n=60)and control group(n=60).The patients in control group received conventional treatment and those in experimental group received conventional treatment+individualized nutrition support treatment.The BMI,serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,prealbumin,total protein,albumin,hemoglobin(Hb),NT-proBNP,incidence of nutrition support-related digestive system complications and malnutrition,hospital stay time and cost were compared between the two groups before and after two weeks of treatment.Results No significant difference was deteted in BMI and serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,prealbumin,total protein,albumin,Hb and NT-proBNP between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).The BMI and serum levels of prealbumin,total protein,albumin and Hb were significantly higher while the serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C and NT-proBNP were significantly lower in two groups after two weeks of treatment than before treatment(P<0.01).The BMI and serum levels of prealbumin,total protein,albumin and Hb were significantly higher while the serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C and NT-proBNP were significantly lower in experimental group than in control group after two weeks of treatment(P<0.01).The incidence of digestive system complications,nutritional risks and hospital cost were significantly lower and the hospital stay time was significantly shorter in experimental group than in control group(1.67%vs 15.00%,P=0.008;3.33%vs 21.67%,P=0.002;3851.26±120.66 yuan vs 4968.59±218.47 yuan,P=0.000;5.06±0.26 d vs 8.26±1.64 d,P=0.000).Conclusion Alimentotherapy can effectively improve the nutritional status,reduce the serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C and NT-proBNP and the incidence of nutritional risks in elderly CHD patients,and should thus be popularized in clinical practice.