宋诗话之形式批评及对宋代诗学建构的意义

Formal Criticism in Song's Poetry Talks and Its Significance to Poetics Construction in the Song Dynasty

有宋一代,诗话成为诗学批评的主要载体,而形式批评更是宋诗话诗学批评的重要方面,以三部汇编性诗话文献《诗话总龟》《苕溪渔隐丛话》和《诗人玉屑》为例来看,形式批评方面的信息就分别占有相当大的比重,批评的内容丰富多样,涵盖了关于诗歌创作的诸多方面。宋诗话的形式批评,既是对宋以前诗学中有关形式理论的总结,又对宋代的诗学建构具有重要意义。

Poetry talks have developed into a major carrier of poetic criticism in the Song Dynasty, with formal criticism as a major part. The formal criticism of the poetry talks of the time features large portion, various content and a coverage of almost all aspects of poetic writing, which can well be displayed by Shihua Zonggui(A General Collection of Poetry Talks), Tiaoxi Yuyin Conghua(A Collection of Poetry Talks of Hermits in Tiaoxi) and Shiren Yuxie(Comments by Poets), the three most influential masterpieces in poetry talks of the Song Dynasty. Accordingly, the formal criticism in Song’s poetry talks offers a conclusion on formal theories in poetics prior to the Song Dynasty and leverages the poetics construction of the time.