高粱耐瘠薄品种的鉴定与分类

Identification and Classification of Sorghum Infertile Varieties

针对过量施肥造成的土壤退化和污染以及高粱在贫瘠土壤生产的现状,开展高粱材料耐瘠薄鉴定筛选对高粱耐瘠育种十分必要。采用90份高粱材料(46份农家种和44份亲本系),分别在瘠薄试验地和正常施肥地开展田间耐瘠鉴定试验,调查了株高、穗长、千粒重和籽粒产量。结果显示,除个别材料株高、穗长和千粒重没有下降以外,4个性状总体出现下降,对土壤瘠薄的敏感程度由高到低依次为籽粒产量、穗长、千粒重、株高。综合耐瘠指数并采用5级分类方法,鉴定出1级材料15份,2级材料18份,3级材料28份,4级材料9份,5级材料20份,验证了高粱农家种耐瘠资源丰富。

Due to the soil degradation and pollution caused by excessive fertilization and the present situation of sorghum production in barren soil,it is necessary to carry out the identification and screening of sorghum breeding materials for barren resistance breeding.90 sorghum materials,including 46 farm species and 44 parent lines,were used to carry out the field barren resistance identification test in barren test land and normal fertilization land respectively.The experiment investigated plant height,spike length,1000-grain weight and grain yield,respectively.The results showed that except the plant height,spike length and 1000-grain weight of some materials did not decline,the four traits generally declined,and the sensitivity degree to soil barren from high to low was grain yield,spike length,1000-grain weight,plant height.According to the comprehensive barren resistance index,15 first-class materials,18 second-class materials,28 third-class materials,9 fourth-class materials and 20 fifth-class materials were identified by the five-class classification method,which verified the rich barren tolerance resources of sorghum farm species.