土壤管理对海南油茶低产林土壤性质及产量的影响

Effects of Soil Management on Soil Properties and Yield of Camellia oleifera Low yield Forest in Hainan Province

为探索土壤管理对海南油茶低产林的土壤性质及茶果产量的影响,研究了林地清理、垦复和有机肥施用对低产林土壤物理性质、化学性质及产量提升的影响。结果表明:进行改良的油茶林土壤,其有机质、氨态氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量与对照相比都有明显提高,其中"林地清理+垦复+施有机肥"处理的林地土壤表土层有机质含量明显增加,高达14.67g/kg,是对照表土有机质含量的2.82倍;"林地清理+垦复+生草"处理的林地土壤深土层中氨态氮含量明显增加,高达40.4g/kg,是对照深土层中氨态氮含量的5.32倍;"林地清理+垦复+施有机肥"处理的林地土壤表土层中速效磷含量明显增加,高达21.71g/kg,是对照亚表土层中速效磷含量的11.61倍。"林地清理+垦复+生草"处理对油茶果产量最高。该研究表明适当的土壤管理能够提高林地土壤肥力,并促进茶果产量提升。

In order to explore the effects of soil management on soil properties and Camellia oleifera yield of Camellia oleifera low yield forest in Hainan,the effects of forest land cleaning,reclamation and organic fertilizer application on soil physical properties,chemical properties and yield improvement of low yield forest were studied. The results showed that:compared with the control,the contents of organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in the soil of Camellia oleifera forest improved significantly. The content of organic matter in the topsoil of the soil under the treatment of "forest land cleaning + reclamation + application of organic fertilizer"was significantly increased,reaching 14.67 g/kg,which was 2.82 times of that of the control topsoil. The content of ammonia nitrogen in the deep soil layer of the forest land increased significantly,up to 40.4 g/kg,which was 5.32 times of that in the control deep soil layer;the content of available phosphorus in the surface soil layer of the forest land under the treatment of "forest land cleaning + reclamation + organic fertilizer"was significantly increased,reaching21.71 g/kg,which was 11.61 times of that in the control subsoil. The treatment of"forest land clearing + reclamation + grass growing"had the highest yield of Camellia oleifera. The results showed that the soil fertility of Camellia oleifera could be improved properly.