新型冠状病毒肺炎流行早期公众心理调查

Psychological status among inhabitants during early epidemic stage of COVID-19

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎流行早期公众的心理特征,为开展心理危机干预、提升公众健康水平提供参考。方法以横断面研究设计,采用自编一般情况问卷、广泛性焦虑量表、病人健康问卷抑郁量表、心理弹性量表以及自评压力条目,于2020年2月20日-2020年2月26日,通过网络问卷平台征募疫情期间在我国大陆地区居住的公众,进行网络问卷调查。结果3087例样本的平均年龄为(37.53±13.51)岁,男性占43.38%(1339人)。样本的焦虑、抑郁症状检出率分别为13.25%和14.09%。低学历、非医务人员、有基础疾病、已采取隔离措施、每天关注疫情时间长的样本焦虑症状检出率高于相应对照组(P均<0.05);已婚、低学历、非医务人员、已采取隔离措施的样本抑郁症状检出率高于相应对照组(P均<0.05)。心理压力得分与焦虑得分(r=0.395,P<0.01)、抑郁得分(r=0.379,P<0.01)均呈正相关关系;心理弹性得分与焦虑得分(r=-0.354,P<0.01)、抑郁得分(r=-0.379,P<0.01)均呈负相关关系。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎流行早期,公众的焦虑、抑郁、心理压力与隔离措施、学历、对疫情的关注度等因素相关,应展开针对性干预。

Objective To investigate the psychological characteristics among inhabitants during early epidemic stage of COVID-19,and provide evidences for psychological crisis intervention and public-health improvements.Methods A self-designed general information questionnaire,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 2(GAD-2),Patient Health Questionnaire 2(PHQ-2),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC-10)and the self-rating stress item were applied,then we conducted an internet-based questionnaire survey for inhabitants living in China's Mainland from February 20 to 26,2020 by a cross-sectional study.Results A total of 3087 people participated in and completed this survey.The average age of the sample was 37.53±13.51 years,and 43.38%of them were male.The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 13.25%and 14.09%,respectively.The subjects with lower education level,being non-medical staff,with medical disorder,under quarantine,and paying more attention to COVID-19 were more likely to be anxious(allP<0.05).The subjects who were married,with lower education level,being non-medical staff,and under quarantine were more likely to have depression(all P<0.05).Psychological stress was positively correlated with anxiety(r=0.395,P<0.01)and depression(r=0.379,P<0.01),while resilience was negatively correlated with anxiety(r=-0.354,P<0.01)and depression(r=-0.379,P<0.01).Conclusion Depression,anxiety and stress are correlated with education level,occupation,medical condition at baseline,isolation measures,and attention to the epidemic.Targeted intervention should be carried out in the early epidemic stage of COVID-19.