中国老年人再婚对健康的影响及其作用机制

The Effect and Mechanism of Remarriage on the Health of Chinese Elderly

基于中国老年人健康影响因素追踪调查(CLHLS)2005、2008、2011、2014年四期追踪调查数据,进行离婚、丧偶老年人再婚对健康影响的因果讨论,探索性别、年龄和代际支持在其中发挥的调节作用。通过建立PSM和多阶段倍差法模型以避免婚姻选择作用下的双向因果问题,研究发现:老年人再婚对健康具有保护作用,但保护强度因再婚时间的长短而有所差异,并呈现显著的城乡异质性。老年人再婚对女性健康的保护作用高于男性,且随着再婚时间的延续,其健康保护作用趋强。再婚家庭代际责任感较为模糊,再婚老年人内部代际的向上经济支持显著低于未再婚老年人。而在农村地区,再婚老年人代际的向下经济支持降低了婚姻对健康的保护作用。家庭内部的代际关系成为影响再婚老年人婚后健康与否的重要因素。

Based on the four waives follow-up survey of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)in 2005,2008,2011,and 2014,we study the causal relationship between older adults remarriage and health,as well as the moderate function played by gender,age,and intergenerational support.By using propensity score matching and multi-stage differences-in-difference method,we avoid mutual causality problems under the influence of marriage selection.The analysis results show that old adults’remarriage has a protective effect on health with significant urban and rural differences,but the intensity of protection varies depending on the duration of remarriage.The remarriage protection on women’s health is higher than men.With age,the health protection of remarriage is stronger.The intergenerational responsibility of a remarried family is blurred.Older adults who remarried have less upward financial support than who still divorce/widowed.Especially in rural,the downward intergenerational financial support reduces the protective effect of marriage on health.The intergenerational relationship within the family has become an important factor affecting the health of the older adults after marriage.