钩状木霉(Trichoderma hamatum YMF1.00247)促进烟草生长及其诱导抗性研究

A study on the growth-promoting and resistance induction of Trichoderma hamatum YMF1.00247 on tobacco

γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)能有效促进作物生长,在农业种植中有重要应用价值.研究报道一株GABA产生菌(钩状木霉YMF1.00247),通过盆栽试验分析其发酵液促进烟草生长的效果和对烟草黑胫病的防效,并从植物防御酶的变化分析其抗病机制.YMF1.00247菌株发酵液中GABA质量浓度可达1.33 g·L^−1,但该菌株不产吲哚乙酸(IAA)、铁载体和ACC脱氨酶.用YMF1.00247发酵液灌根能显著增加烟草的株高、叶片数、茎围和中部叶面积;施用100 mL/株的YMF1.00247发酵液和1.5 g·L^−1 GABA能显著减少烟草黑胫病的发病率和病情指数,防效分别达78.41%和72.36%,且能显著提高烟株的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)酶活.YMF1.00247菌株产生的GABA可能是其具有促进烟株生长和诱导抗病功能的主要活性成分.

aminobutyric acid(GABA) can effectively promote the growth of crops and has important application value in agricultural cultivation.A GABA-producing strain(T.hamatum YMF1.00247) and the effect of its fermentation broth on promoting the growth and preventing black shank on tobacco were analyzed by pot experiments.The disease resistance mechanism was analyzed by the change of plant defense enzymes.The results showed that the content of GABA in fermentation broth of YMF1.00247 was up to 1.33 g/L.However,the strain did not produce IAA,iron carrier and ACC deaminase.YMF1.00247 fermentation broth significantly increased the plant height,leaf number,stem circumference and middle leaf area of tobacco.Application of 100 mL/plant YMF1.00247 fermentation broth and 1.5 g/L GABA significantly reduced the incidence and disease index of tobacco black shank,with the prevention efficacy at 78.41% and 72.36%,respectively,and improved the enzyme activity of PAL,POD and PPO of tobacco leaf significantly.It was suggested that GABA produced by YMF1.00247 could be the main active ingredient which contributing to the promotion of the plant growth and inducing the disease resistance on tobacco.