职前教师专业伦理知识及其养成路径探析

A Probe into Teachers’Professional Ethical Knowledge and its Generating Path

当前,提升教师的专业伦理素养已成为教师专业化建设的重要内容。为此,专业伦理知识也应成为教师必备且重要的一类专业知识。教师专业伦理知识具有源于专业伦理经验、以教师专业伦理原则为基础并通过内隐和外显的方式影响教师教育教学实践的基本特征。虽然它对职前教师未来的专业发展具有重要意义,但目前由于职前教师专业伦理意识的淡薄、专业实践中伦理困境的复杂性以及职前教师教育对专业伦理教育的忽视,导致职前教师专业伦理知识存在缺失现象。因此,加强对职前教师进行专业伦理规范的引领,促进职前教师对专业伦理理论的学习,推动职前教师进行基于伦理冲突的案例研究以及激励职前教师进行专业伦理反思成为职前教师专业伦理知识养成的必要路径。

Teachers’ professional ethical knowledge is the knowledge base of teachers’ professional ethics development. Its basic characteristics are as follows: derived from ethical experience, based on ethical principles and influencing teachers’ educational practice implicitly and explicitly. These basic characteristics endow teachers’ professional ethical knowledge with special significance. However, due to the lack of teachers’ ethics awareness, the complexity of professional ethics dilemma and the neglect of professional ethics education by pre-service teacher training, there is a lack of professional ethical knowledge of pre-service teachers. This requires the following efforts: motivate teachers to conduct ethical reflection on professional practice, promote case studies based on ethical dilemmas, strengthen the guidance of professional ethics norms, and promote the integration of professional ethics education into after-service training.