我国博士生招生规模及结构的演进历程、逻辑与展望

The Evolution and Prospect of the Scale Structure of Doctoral Candidates in China

博士生教育作为研究生教育的最高层次,博士生招生规模及结构直接影响着博士生培养质量以及博士生教育对国家经济发展的支撑和贡献。自新中国成立以来,我国博士生招生规模不断上升,招生结构呈现多样化发展趋势。在此过程中,政府是博士生招生规模结构演进的主导力量,经济发展模式转变和产业结构升级的现实需要是博士生招生规模结构变化的动力。同时,高等教育内在发展脉络直接影响着博士生招生规模及结构的演进。基于上述分析,从优化博士生招生决策机制、加快发展博士专业学位研究生教育及拓展博士生生源渠道等方面对我国博士生招生进行展望。

As the highest level of postgraduate education, doctoral students’ enrollment scale structure directly affects the quality of doctoral students and the support and contribution of doctoral education to national economic development. Since the founding of People’s Republic of China, the enrollment of doctoral students in China has been increasing, and the enrollment structure has shown a diversified development trends. In this process, the government is the leading force in the evolution of the scale structure of doctoral students’ enrollment, the actual needs of the transformation in economic development model and the upgrading of industrial structure are the core driving force for the change of the scale structure of doctoral students. At the same time, the internal development of higher education directly affects the evolution of the scale structure of students enrollment. Based on the above analysis, we will look forward to the enrollment of doctoral students in China from the aspects of optimizing doctoral students’ enrollment decision-making mechanism, accelerating the development of doctoral degree graduate education and expanding the channels for doctoral students.