接触低剂量辐射科研人员外周血淋巴细胞微核研究

Study on the characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus in scientific research workers exposed to low dose ionizing radiation

目的为了详细了解接触低剂量电离辐射科研工作人员的细胞遗传学特点。方法本文采用横断面调查方式,于2018年3月对北京市2家核辐射研究单位的163例工作人员进行外周血淋巴细胞微核检测,并对影响微核率的因素进行讨论。结果射线接触组微核率(9.928‰)与微核细胞率(8.959‰)均高于对照组(6.924‰和6.258‰),差异有统计学意义(Z=3.509,P<0.01;Z=3.582,P<0.01);随着年龄、接触工龄的增加,微核率、微核细胞率有增高趋势。无运动组比运动组的微核细胞率和微核率高;接触内照射组对微核率的影响较外照射组大。结论长期低剂量电离辐射易导致淋巴细胞微核率的增加,并且随着接触射线人员的年龄和工龄的增加,其微核细胞率和微核率随之增高。另外,加强身体运动可以缓解低剂量电离辐射对人体的影响,建议长期接触低剂量电离辐射人员应培养良好的个人生活习惯,加强身体锻炼和卫生防护。

Objective In order to understand the cytogenetic characteristics of workers exposed to low dose ionizing radiation in detail.Methods One hundred and sixty-three workers from two nuclear radiation research units in Beijing were tested for micronucleus in peripheral blood lymphocytes by cross-sectional survey in March 2018,and the factors influencing micronucleus rate were discussed.Results The micronucleus rate(9.928‰)and micronucleus cell rate(8.959‰)in the radiation exposure group were higher than those in the control group(6.924‰and 6.258‰).The difference was statistically significant(Z=3.509,P<0.01;Z=3.582,P<0.01).With the increase of age and working age,the micronucleus rate and micronucleus cell rate increased.The micronucleus cell rate and micronucleus rate of non exercise group were higher than that of exercise group,and the influence of contact internal irradiation group on micronucleus rate was greater than that of external irradiation group.Conclusion Long term low dose ionizing radiation is easy to increase the micronucleus rate of lymphocytes,and with the increase of the age and working age of the personnel exposed to radiation,the micronucleus rate and micronucleus rate will increase.In addition,strengthening physical exercise can alleviate the impact of low-dose ionizing radiation on human body.It is suggested that long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation should cultivate good personal habits,strengthen physical exercise and health protection.