186名肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属乙肝防治知识知晓状况及护理干预效果分析

Analysis on the hepatitis B prevention and treatment knowledge among 186 direct relatives of liver cancer patients with HBV positive and effects of nursing intervention

目的探讨186名肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属乙肝防治知识知晓状况及护理干预效果,旨在提高肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属乙肝防治知识水平。方法采用方便抽样法,于2018年1月~2019年7月对在成都市第五人民医院住院治疗的肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属进行调查和干预。结果干预前,肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属乙肝防治知识知晓率为22.58%,各知识点知晓率为15.05%~56.99%。干预后,肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属乙肝防治知识知晓率为70.97%,各知识点知晓率为54.84%~98.92%,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=98.828、53.254、99.108、255.065、164.670、142.241、97.519、145.513、154.771、58.994、112.421、97.181、87.461,P<0.05);干预前,肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属对乙肝相关态度百分比为24.19%~44.09%,干预后相关态度百分比为61.29%~88.17%,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=39.076、85.132、149.094、80.698,P<0.01);干预前,肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属对乙肝相关行为百分比为22.58%~44.09%,干预后相关态度百分比为73.65%~82.26%,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=75.450、43.338、97.181,P<0.01);Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度(OR=2.382,95%CI:1.429~3.971)、年龄(OR=2.134,95%CI:1.453~3.133)、居住地(OR=1.902,95%CI:1.280~2.826)是肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属对乙肝防治知识知晓率的影响因素。结论肝癌伴HBV阳性病人直系亲属乙肝防治知识知晓率水平较低,经过实施护理健康宣教后乙肝防治知识知晓率明显升高,对乙肝相关态度、行为发生明显变化。

Objective To investigate the hepatitis B prevention and treatment knowledge among 186 direct relatives of liver cancer patients with HBV positive and effects of nursing intervention,in order to improve the knowledge level of hepatitis B prevention and treatment among direct relatives of patients with liver cancer accompanied by HBV positive.Methods From January 2018 to July 2019,186 direct relatives of liver cancer patients with HBV positive were investigated and intervened by convenient sampling method in Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital.Results Before intervention,the awareness rate of knowledge about hepatitis B prevention and treatment among the direct relatives of liver cancer patients with HBV positive was 22.58%,and that of each knowledge point ranged from 15.05%to 56.99%.After intervention,the awareness rate of knowledge about hepatitis B prevention and treatment among the direct relatives was 70.97%,and that of each knowledge point ranged from 54.84%to 98.92%.The differences were statistically significant(χ^2=98.828,53.254,99.108,255.065,164.670,142.241,97.519,145.513,154.771,58.994,112.421,97.181,87.461,P<0.05).Before the intervention,the percentage of related attitude toward hepatitis B was 24.19%~44.09%,and 61.29%~88.17%after the intervention.The difference was statistically significant(χ^2=39.076,85.132,149.094,80.698,P<0.01);before the intervention,the percentage of HBV related behaviors of direct relatives of liver cancer patients with HBV positive was 22.58%~44.09%,and 73.65%~82.26%after the intervention.There was statistically significant difference(χ^2=75.450,43.338,97.181,P<0.01);Logistic regression analysis showed that education level(OR=2.382,95%CI:1.429~3.971),age(OR=2.134,95%CI:1.453~3.133),place of residence(OR=1.902,95%CI:1.280~2.826)were influencing factors related to the awareness rate of the hepatitis B prevention and treatment knowledge among direct relatives of liver cancer patients with HBV positive.Conclusion The awareness rate of hepatitis B prevention and treatment knowledge among the direct relatives of liver cancer patients with HBV positive is relatively low.After carrying out health education on nursing,the awareness rate increased significantly,and the attitude and behavior about hepatitis B changed greatly.