杜鹃花色研究进展

Research Progress of Rhododendron Flower Color

杜鹃花是世界名花,属于中国十大名花之一,具有极高的观赏价值,在国际上广泛应用于园林绿化。花色是杜鹃花重要的观赏特性,也是一种与传粉者和自然环境的适应性特征,杜鹃花色素主要包含花青素苷和黄酮醇,其种类、含量和相关基因对花色形成具有重要影响,研究花色素组成及相关的生物合成途径是杜鹃花色育种的关键。文中综述了国内外对杜鹃花色素组成、花色遗传特性与育种、花青素苷合成途径等研究现状,揭示了杜鹃花色形成原理,提出未来研究重点为:注重黄色、花斑品种和蓝色杜鹃花培育,揭示杜鹃花中类黄酮着色机理及调控因子,运用转录组、代谢组、全基因组等新一代测序技术探究杜鹃花色素并建立相关数据库,以期为杜鹃花色研究提供参考。

Rhododendron is a famous flower in the world,which is one of the top ten famous flowers in China.With high ornamental value,it is widely used in landscaping.Flower color is not only an important ornamental characteristic of Rhododendron,but also a feature to adapt to pollinators and natural environment.Rhododendron pigment mainly contains anthocyanins and flavonols.The Rhododendron species,pigment content and related genes have significant effects on the formation of flower color.The research on a thocyanid in composition and related biosynthetic pathway is the key to Rhododendron colorbreeding.This paper reviews the national and international research on Rhododendron pigment composition,flower color genetic characteristics and breeding,anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway,and reveals the principle of Rhododendron flower color formation.The future study should be focused on the cultivation of Rhododendron species with yellow,spotted varieties and blue flowers,the revelation of the coloring mechanism and regulatory factors of flavonoids in Rhododendron,and the use of a new generation of sequencing techniques such as transcriptome,metabolic group and whole genome for exploring the anthocyanin of Rhododendron and the establishment of a related database,with the aim to provide references for the future research on Rhododendron flower color.