不同标本类型及冻存对新型冠状病毒抗体检测效力的影响

Effects of different specimen types and frozen storage on the detection effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 antibody

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者同源血清与血浆中的特异性免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)抗体检测结果的差异。方法选取2020年2—3月在成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心住院的COVID-19确诊病例58例。采用化学发光免疫分析技术分别检测血清和血浆的新型冠状病毒(SARSCoV-2)特异性IgM和IgG抗体及冷冻前后血清SARS-CoV-2特异性IgG抗体。采用秩和检验对血清与血浆SARS-CoV-2特异性IgM和IgG抗体的S/CO值进行比较。结果血清和血浆SARS-CoV-2特异性IgM抗体的S/CO值比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0002);血清和血浆SARS-CoV-2特异性IgG抗体的S/CO值比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0056)。Spearman相关性分析显示,冻存前后标本SARS-CoV-2特异性IgG抗体具有相关性(r=0.9845,P<0.05)。结论血清和血浆标本用于检测SARS-CoV-2特异性IgM和IgG抗体同样有效,冻存后标本检测效力低于新鲜血液标本。

Objective To explore the difference in the detection results of specific immunoglobulin M(IgM)and immunoglobulin G(IgG)antibodies in homologous serum and plasma of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)patients.Methods Fifty-eight confirmed cases of COVID-19 hospitalized in Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center from February to March 2020 were selected.Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)specific IgM and IgG antibodies in serum and plasma,and SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in serum before and after freezing.Rank sum test was used to compare the S/CO values of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG antibodies in serum and plasma.Results The difference of S/CO value of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM antibody in serum and plasma was statistically significant(P=0.0002).The S/CO value of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibody in serum and plasma was compared,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.0056).Spearman correlation analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibody was correlated before and after cryo-storage(r=0.9845,P<0.05).Conclusion Serum and plasma samples are equally effective in detecting SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG antibodies,and the efficacy of samples after cryopreservation is lower than that of fresh blood samples.