中美突发公共卫生事件中的数据共享路径研究

Research on Data Sharing Approaches in Public Health Emergencies in Both China and the USA

[目的/意义]研究突发公共卫生事件下的数据共享路径,对于促进相关主体间的数据共享和协同合作,提高突发公共卫生事件防控能力具有重要意义。[研究设计/方法]通过文本分析对中美两国相关法律政策中涉及的数据共享场景、共享主体、共享内容及其流向、共享特点和共享条件等多方面内容进行了分析。[结论/发现]研究发现中美突发公共卫生事件下数据共享路径现状和异同点,并从建立常设突发公共卫生事件应急指挥机构与应急管理体系、建立垂直管理的突发公共卫生事件监测预警系统与快速响应体系、建立健全数据共享制度、加强国际数据共享与系统合作等四方面提出了完善我国突发公共卫生事件数据共享制度的建议。[创新/价值]为相关主体有序开展数据共享,提升突发公共卫生事件防控能力提供参考。

[Purpose/Significance]It is very important and necessary to study the approaches of data sharing in public health emergencies for promoting data sharing and cooperation among agents and improving the prevention and control abilities of public health emergencies.[Design/Methodology]With text analysis,data sharing scenarios,sharing subjects,sharing contents and flows,sharing characteristics,and sharing conditions mentioned in the relevant laws and policies in both China and the USA were analyzed.[Findings/Conclusion]The status and similarities and differences of data sharing approaches of public health emergencies between China and the United States were discovered,and recommendations were proposed to improve the data sharing system of public health emergencies in China from four aspects,including establishing permanent public health emergency command institutions and emergency management system,establishing a vertical management monitoring and proactive warning system and a quick-response system,establishing a sound data sharing system,and strengthening international data sharing and system cooperation.[Originality/Value]This paper provides a reference for agents to carry out data sharing in a systematic way and improve the prevention and control abilities of public health emergencies.