我国政府数据开放的力场模型与路径选择研究

Research on the Force Field Model and Path Selection of Government Data Opening in China

[目的/意义]系统考察我国政府数据开放的“力场”影响因素并据此提出推进路径,旨在加快我国政府数据开放进程。[研究设计/方法]借鉴勒温的力场理论,构建政府数据开放力场模型,把我国政府数据开放的力场划分为压力场、动力场和阻力场。[结论/发现]我国政府数据开放的压力主要源于国际数据开放浪潮、中央政府要求、多主体数据需求和公民权利诉求,动力主要是政府数据开放带来的政治、经济、社会、文化等方面的积极价值,阻力主要由政府层面、安全层面、公民层面、制度层面和技术平台层面的诸多具体因素构成。遵循破除阻力、增强动力、变压力为动力的基本思路,同时采取一系列可操作的政策举措,作为推进我国政府数据开放的路径选择。[创新/价值]构建的政府数据开放力场模型具有理论探索性。

[Purpose/Significance]This paper systematically explored the impact factors of the force field of government data opening in China and proposed countermeasures for promotion in order to accelerate the opening process of Chinese government data.[Design/Methodology]By using the Force Theory of Lewin,the force field model of government data opening was built.Moreover,the force field in China was divided into pressure force field,motivation force field and hindering force field.[Findings/Conclusion]The pressure of government data opening in China mainly comes from the tendency of international government data opening,requirements of the national central government,data demands of various subjects,and requests of citizens;the impetus of government data opening derives from the benefits to politics,economy,society and culture;the hindrance mainly comes from the aspects of government,security,citizen,institution and technology.We should take the measure of relieving the pressure,enhancing the motivation,and converting the pressure to motivation.Meanwhile,a series of feasible measures should be implemented for promoting the government data opening in China.[Originality/Value]The force field model proposed in this study is a theoretical exploration.