国际视阈下计算思维评价研究的理论和实践

Theory and Practice in Evaluation of Computational Thinking from An International Perspective

计算思维评价是计算思维教育领域中一项非常重要且十分复杂的活动。鉴于计算思维评价研究的重要性、抽象性和多因素性,其在国际上受到了高度关注。计算思维已纳入我国高中信息技术新课程标准之中,成为学科四大核心素养之一,如何科学评价计算思维素养水平已成为国内发展计算思维的迫切需要。研究通过梳理国际上计算思维评价理论研究的发展脉络、目标内容及内在逻辑,分析典型计算思维评价工具功能类型及适用范围,结合应用案例明晰不同教育情境中计算思维评价的实施情况,阐明和探讨计算思维评价各要素的概念、内涵及素养水平评价的分级与实施,并结合国内计算思维的发展现状提出建议:重视国内计算思维教育的发展、构建计算思维评价的理论框架、自主研发计算思维评价工具、开发计算思维评价的实践案例。

Evaluation of computational thinking is a very important and complex activity in the field of computational thinking education. In view of the importance, abstraction, and multi-factors of the evaluation research of computational thinking, it has received great attention internationally. Computational thinking has been incorporated into the new curriculum standards of high school information technology in China and has become one of the four core literacies of the discipline. How to scientifically evaluate the level of computational thinking has become an urgent need for the development of computational thinking in China. This study sorts out the development, target content and internal logic of international theoretical research on the evaluation of computational thinking, analyzes the functional types and application scope of typical computational thinking evaluation tools, clarifies the implementation of computational thinking evaluation in different educational contexts with application cases, expounds the concepts and connotations of each element of computational thinking evaluation and the grading and implementation of literacy level evaluation, and makes recommendations in light of the current status of development of computational thinking in China: pay attention to the development of domestic computational thinking education,constructing a theoretical framework for computational thinking evaluation, independently developing computational thinking evaluation tools, and developing practical cases of computational thinking evaluation.