正念减压疗法对医学生心理健康状况及睡眠质量的影响

Influence of mindfulness decompression therapy on mental health and sleep quality of medical students

目的:探讨正念减压疗法对改善在校医学生心理健康、睡眠质量的应用效果。方法:将牡丹江医学院在校在籍大学生中存在睡眠质量问题(PSQI评分≥8)的80名学生随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各40例。对照组为空白对照,实验组接受8周的正念减压疗法,在干预前、干预结束时及干预后3个月,采用症状自评量表SCL-90、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表对两组的心理健康状况、睡眠质量进行评定。结果:两组睡眠质量、睡眠障碍维度得分及PSQI总分组间效应差异有统计学意义(F=34.214,19.747,23.064;P<0.001);两组PSQI各维度得分(除日间功能障碍维度外)及PSQI总分时间效应差异有统计学意义(F=21.816,20.330,35.808,17.423,32.403,35.870,87.200;P<0.001);两组睡眠质量、睡眠障碍维度、日间功能障碍及PSQI总分的干预因素与时间因素存在交互作用(F=15.948,41.714,4.175,41.042;P<0.05)。两组的SCL-90各维度得分(除躯体化、强迫症状维度)及SCL-90总分组间效应差异有统计学意义(F=8.636,10.099,14.798,13.869,11.324,24.515,30.110,27.693,11.295;P<0.05);两组的精神病性、偏执、其他维度及SCL-90总分时间效应差异有统计学意义(F=19.930,74.647,69.837,67.784;P<0.001);精神病性、偏执、其他维度及SCL-90总分的干预因素与时间因素存在交互作用(F=17.706,23.382,26.677,69.906;P<0.001)。结论:正念减压疗法能有效改善医学生的心理健康状况及睡眠质量。

Objective:To explore the application effect of mindfulness decompression therapy on improving the mental health and sleep quality of medical students in school.Methods:Eighty of the students with sleep quality problems(PSQI score≥8)among the college students in Mudanjiang Medical College were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 40 cases in each group.The experimental group received 8 weeks of mindfulness decompression therapy and the control group received blank therapy.Before the intervention,at the end of the intervention and 3 months after the intervention,the Table of Self-Assessment(SCL-90)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)were used to assess the mental health and sleep quality of the two groups.Results:There were significant differences in sleep quality,sleep disorder dimension scores and PSQI total scores between the two groups(F=34.214,19.747,23.064;P<0.001).The time effect on all dimensions of PSQI scores(except daytime dysfunction dimension)and PSQI total scores were significant differences(F=21.816,20.330,35.808,17.423,32.403,35.870,87.200;P<0.001).There were interaction effects between intervention factors and time factors on sleep quality,sleep disorder,daytime dysfunction dimension and PSQI total scores(F=15.948,41.714,4.175,41.042;P<0.05).There were significant differences in all dimensions of SCL-90 scores(except somatization,obsessive-compulsive dimensions)and SCL-90 total scores between the two groups(F=8.636,10.099,14.798,13.869,11.324,24.515,30.110,27.693,11.295;P<0.01),psychosis,paranoia,other dimensions and SCL-90 total scores time-effect difference of the two group were statistically significant(F=19.930,74.647,69.837,67.784;P<0.001),the intervention factors of psychosis,paranoia,other dimensions and SCL-90 total scores interacted with time factors(F=17.706,23.382,26.677,69.906;P<0.001).Conclusion:Mindfulness decompression therapy can effectively improve the mental health and sleep quality of medical students.