5岁及以下其他感染性腹泻病患儿家长对其他感染性腹泻病防治知识知晓状况及影响因素

Awareness of parents of children aged 5 or below with other infectious diarrhea about prevention and treatment of the disease and influencing factors

目的了解5岁及以下其他感染性腹泻病患儿家长对其他感染性腹泻病防治知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为开展其他感染性腹泻病防治宣教提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法抽取2018年1月~2019年7月在恩施土家族苗族自治州中心医院儿三科住院的其他感染性腹泻病患儿家长284名作为调查对象,采用自行设计的问卷进行调查,分析患儿家长对其他感染性腹泻病相关知识知晓率及影响因素。结果284名5岁及以下患儿家长中其他感染性腹泻病防治知识知晓128名,知晓率45.07%(128/284);其他感染性腹泻病防治知识正确率排前3位的条目分别为:"饭前便后及烹调前要用流动水加肥皂洗手""夏季饮食加热煮透有利于预防其他感染性腹泻病""夏季是其他感染性腹泻病发病高峰期",正确率分别为92.25%、80.98%、73.94%。其他感染性腹泻病防治知识正确率排倒数3位的条目分别为:"其他感染性腹泻病是传染病""直接饮用自来水会导致孩子发生其他感染性腹泻病""出生婴儿母乳喂养有助于预防其他感染性腹泻病",正确率分别为35.91%、44.50%、48.59%。Logistic回归分析结果显示:5岁及以下患儿的年龄、与患儿关系为母亲、家长年龄、家长职业为公务员/技术人员、家长文化程度、居住地为城市、家庭人均月收入是患儿家长对其他感染性腹泻病防治知识的影响因素。结论5岁及以下患儿家长对其他感染性腹泻病防治知识知晓率较低,应根据患儿家长的特点制定针对性的健康教育护理措施,以提高患儿家长对该病防治知识知晓水平。

Objective To understand the awareness of parents of children aged 5 or below with other infectious diarrhea about the prevention and treatment of the disease and influencing factors,so as to provide a reference for the prevention and education of other infectious diarrhea.Methods The convenient sampling method was used to select 284 parents of children with other infectious diarrhea hospitalized in the third Department of Pediatrics in Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital in Enshi from January 2018 to July 2019.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the awareness rate of parents′knowledge about other infectious diarrhea and influencing factors.Results Among 284 parents,128 were aware of the other infectious diarrhea,with an awareness rate of 45.07%.The top three items in the correct rates of the prevention and treatment of other infectious diarrhea were:"Washing hands with flowing water and soap before and after meals or before cooking","Heating and thoroughly cooking food can help prevent other infectious diarrhea"and"Other infectious diarrhea reaches its peak incidence in summer".And the correct rates of three items above were 92.25%,80.98%and 73.94%,respectively.The last three items were:"Other infectious diarrhea is infectious","Direct drinking of tap water will lead to other infectious diarrhea in children"and"The breastfeeding of newborn babies is helpful to prevent other infectious diarrhea".The correct rates of the last three items were 35.91%,44.50%and 48.59%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors for the awareness rate of parents about other infectious diarrhea included age of children,children’s birth mother,age of parents,the occupation of parents as civil servants/technicians,the educational level of parents,urban residence and the average monthly income of families.Conclusion Parents of children aged 5 or below have a low awareness rate of prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea.According to the characteristics of parents,health education and nursing measures should be formulated to improve their awareness rate of the prevention and control of other infectious diarrhea.