某水厂水源水中氨氮污染状况分析

Analysis on ammonia nitrogen pollution in source water of one water plant

目的了解水厂水源水氨氮污染状况,为水厂水源水选择和生产管理提供建议。方法2016-2018年在水厂水源水的固定取水点采样,依水源使用情况,除节假日外每天采样监测氨氮,小坑河监测854次,流溪河监测410次,使用《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)对氨氮进行判定。结果2016-2018年小坑河水源水氨氮含量为(1.22±1.04)mg/L,流溪河水源水氨氮含量为(0.59±0.36)mg/L,小坑河氨氮污染比流溪河严重,差异有统计学意义(t=11.87,P<0.01)。三年间两个水源水氨氮水平呈下降趋势,到2018年均达到Ⅲ类地表水;2016-2018年小坑河水源水氨氮污染为Ⅰ~Ⅲ类的占比分别为60.57%、33.21%和89.34%,流溪河水源水氨氮污染为Ⅰ~Ⅲ类地表水的占比分别为73.97%、87.59%和91.15%。两个水源水中氨氮水平各季度间差异均有统计学意义(F=42.82,P<0.01;F=21.26,P<0.01),第一季度最高,第三季度最低。结论2016-2018年流溪河氨氮污染较小坑河水源水氨氮轻,应增加流溪河水源水的取水量。

Objective To investigate the status of ammonia nitrogen pollution in source water of waterworks,and to provide suggestions for the selection,production and management of source water.Methods From 2016 to 2018,the samples of source water were collected from the fixed intake points every day except holidays according to the usage of water,in order to monitor the situation about ammonia nitrogen.The Xiaokeng River and the Liuxi River were monitored for 854 times and 410 times,respectively.Ammonia nitrogen was determined by the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002).Results From 2016 to 2018,the ammonia nitrogen content in source water of Xiaokeng River was(1.22±1.04)mg/L,and that of Liuxi River was(0.59±0.36)mg/L.The ammonia nitrogen pollution in Xiaokeng River was more serious than that in Liuxi River.There was statistically significant difference(t=11.87,P<0.001).The ammonia nitrogen levels in both rivers were on the decline during the three years.The water of both two rivers reachedⅢclass in 2018.From 2016 to 2018,the ammonia nitrogen pollution ofⅠ-Ⅲclass in source water of Xiaokeg River accounted for 60.57%,33.21%and 89.34%,respectively.And that in source water of Liuxi River accounted for 73.97%,87.59%and 91.15%respectively.There were statistically significant differences in ammonia nitrogen levels between the two water sources in different quarters(F=42.82,P<0.01;F=21.26,P<0.01).The highest ammonia nitrogen level was in the first quarter,while the lowest was in the third quarter.Conclusion From 2016 to 2018,the ammonia nitrogen pollution in Liuxi River was less serious than that in Xiaokeng River.It is necessary to increase the water withdrawals from Liuxi River.