江苏省生态效率的时空特征与影响因素——基于随机前沿生产函数与空间计量的检验

Spatial-temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Ecological Efficiency in Jiangsu Province:Testing of Stochastic Frontier Production Function and Spatial Econometrics

以单位生态足迹投入产出关系构建随机前沿生产函数,采用其技术无效率项表征生态效率,测算2009—2018年江苏省各市生态效率,分析其时空演化特征,并进一步构建空间滞后变量模型,实证检验江苏省生态效率的影响因素。结果表明:江苏省生态效率较高且稳步增长,空间差异明显,苏南高、苏北低、苏中居中,但空间差距在缩小;江苏省生态效率呈现空间联动提升的有利局面;经济发展是提升生态效率的主导驱动力。建设用地扩张与节约集约利用、交通基础设施建设、降低能源消耗、农业现代化也显著促进了江苏省生态效率提升;土地市场化、互联网规模扩张、专利发明、节能环保财政支出、人口规模增长等因素没有显著提升生态效率;收入水平与生态效率的关系呈“U”型,江苏省当前收入增长对生态效率提升起抑制作用。

The technical efficiency of unit ecological footprint is used to represent the ecological efficiency,calculated by stochastic frontier production function.The spatial-temporal characteristics are analyzed,and the spatial lagged variable model is further constructed to empirically test the influencing factors of the ecological efficiency of Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2018.The results show that the ecological efficiency of Jiangsu Province is relatively high and growing steadily.The spatial differences of ecological efficiency in Jiangsu Province are large,with the south of Jiangsu Province being high,the north of Jiangsu Province being low,and the middle of Jiangsu Province being in the middle.The ecological efficiency of Jiangsu Province presents spatial diffusion effect;Economic development,upgrading of industrial structure,urban land expansion,economical and intensive utilization of construction land,construction of transportation infrastructure,and reduction of energy consumption have significantly promoted the improvement of ecological efficiency in Jiangsu Province.Land marketization,internet expansion,patent invention,fiscal expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection,population growth did not significantly improve ecological efficiency.The relationship between income level and ecological efficiency is U-shaped pattern,and the current income growth in Jiangsu Province has a restraining effect on the improvement of ecological efficiency.