数字经济发展的法律规制——研讨会专家观点综述

Regulation of Digital Economy Development——A Summit Review

我国数字经济产业的高质量发展需要法律保障。面对数字经济新业态,需要在监管与立法理念层面实现从管制思维向审慎包容思维的转变,实现发展与合规、竞争与创新、效率与公平、安全与开放的平衡。针对产业数字化过程中出现的新问题,应从网络平台治理、反垄断、金融证券监管等多个层面加以回应。为了规范数字经济发展中的数据要素流通,要明确数据的新型财产属性、加强数据确权制度建设,探讨构建利用视角下的数据归属规则。鼓励并规范数据交易制度、建设数据交易市场,采用数据流动的集中竞价机制和共票机制,避免数据垄断。为了在数字经济发展中实现对个人信息的保护,需要对法律进行全面完善,并健全行政监管、强化技术保护、加强行业自律。应构建以《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》为核心框架的个人信息保护体系,在现有立法草案文本的基础上考虑对侵害敏感个人信息的行为配置更高强度的处罚规则、增设个人信息侵权领域的集团诉讼条款。为了应对数字经济国际化发展形势及国际规制,我国要重视多边协商合作,表达利益诉求并提升话语权,在数据跨境流动监管问题上确立以安全保护为主、兼顾数据流动性的宏观监管体系,对数据本地化要求做出合理回应。

The high-quality development of China’s digital economy industry needs legal protection.Facing the new format of the digital economy,it is necessary to realize the transition from regulatory thinking to prudent and inclusive thinking at the level of regulatory and legislative concepts.It is also necessary to achieve the balance between development and compliance,competition and innovation,efficiency and fairness,and safety and openness.In response to new problems in the process of industry digitization,we should respond from multiple levels such as online platform governance,anti-monopoly,and financial securities supervision.In order to regulate the circulation of data elements in digital economy,it is necessary to clarify the new property attributes of data,strengthen the construction of data right confirmation systems,and explore the establishment of data ownership rules from the perspective of utilization.To encourage and standardize the data transaction system,build a data transaction market,and adopt a centralized bidding mechanism and a joint voting mechanism for data flow to avoid data monopoly is also of great importance.In order to realize the protection of personal information in digital economy,it is necessary to comprehensively strengthen the law,administrative supervision,technical protection and industry self-discipline.A personal information protection system with the"Personal Information Protection Law"as the core framework should be established.On the basis of the existing draft legislation,higher-strength punishment rules and class action clauses in the field of personal information infringement should also be added.In order to cope with the international development of the digital economy and related regulations in international field,China must attach importance to multilateral consultations and cooperation,express interest demands and increase power of discourse.Furthermore,a macro-supervision system that focuses on security protection and takes into account data liquidity on the supervision of cross-border data flow should be established,and data localization requirements should also be reasonably responded.