元代敦煌壁画中神像体态解析

Study on Dancing Posture of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in Yuan Dynasty

据资料记载,元代敦煌洞窟开凿的时间为公元1227年至公元1368年,开凿的洞窟数量约有40多个。元代敦煌壁画是多民族文化及宗教信仰之间碰撞融合的艺术产物,记录和反映了元代文化艺术交流的情况。壁画内容不仅丰富多样,佛、神像的体态造型也异常独特。本文对元代敦煌壁画中神像体态方面的内容进行了整理、提炼和研究将壁画中的佛像体态,如:坐姿、跪姿、站姿、跳跃、飞翔等姿态进行分类,并做了舞姿复原和动作解析。同时,探索如何科学运用和发展这些舞姿,为解读元代敦煌壁画中舞艺的工作积累了大量的素材。

According to records,The Dunhuang Grottoes of Yuan Dynasty were built in 1227-1368,and the number of caves was about more than 40.Dunhuang frescoes of the Yuan Dynasty are the artistic products of the collision and fusion of multi-ethnic cultures and religious beliefs,which record and reflect the cultural and artistic exchanges of Yuan Dynasty.The contents of murals are not only rich and varied,but also the body shapes of buddhas and statues of gods and goddesses are very unique.In this paper,the contents of the statues in Dunhuang frescoes of Yuan Dynasty are sorted,refined and studied.The posture of The figure of Buddha in the fresco,such as sitting posture,kneeling posture,standing posture,jumping,flying and so on,is classified,and the dance posture is restored and the movement is analyzed.At the same time,preliminary attempts were made to explore how to scientifically apply and develop these dance moves,which accumulated a lot of materials for the interpretation of the Dunhuang frescoes in Yuan Dynasty.