花生株型相关性状研究进展

Advances in plant architecture studies of peanut

株型对作物产量的形成具有重要作用,花生具有地上开花地下结果等区别于其它作物的特性,其株型构成及其对产量的调控更复杂。地上开花地下结果的特性决定了基部开花多且集中的品种具有较高的单株生产力。由于生态环境和栽培习惯等因素的差异,在不同国家和地区的生产中直立型、半匍匐型和匍匐型等不同类型品种都有一定的播种面积,株型不同加上生产条件差异导致各地区花生单产水平差异也很大。本文综述了花生株型相关研究进展,总结了花生株型与产量形成的关系,提出了花生理想株型的特征及理想株型育种的思路。

Plant architecture plays an important role in the formation of crop yield.Peanuts blooms on the ground and bears fruit underground,the specific characteristics determine that the cultivars with more flowers at the base have higher single plant productivity.Due to differences of ecological environment and cultivation habits,pea⁃nut cultivars of three different growth habits including erect type,semi spreading type and spreading type,coexist in different countries and different ecology regions,and the yield of peanut varies greatly in different regions.In this paper,the progress of the main archievements on peanut plant architecture was summarized,and the relationship be⁃tween plant architecture and yield formation was reviewed.The characteristics of ideal plant architecture and ideas for peanut ideal architecture breeding were suggested.