AhFAD2B基因MITE标记在高油酸花生选育中的应用

Application of MITE molecular marker of AhFAD2B gene in breeding high oleate peanut

高油酸花生因其优质的油脂组成,越来越受到食品、油脂加工、种业等领域的青睐。然而,目前我国育成的高油酸品种遗传背景狭窄,拓宽遗传背景、开发相应的分子标记,有利于高效选育性状优异、适应性广的高油酸花生新品种。本研究针对具有F458背景的花生AhFAD2B基因的MITE插入突变,开发了用以辅助鉴定真杂种及后代材料的MITE分子标记。该方法运用1轮常规PCR反应和普通琼脂糖凝胶电泳就可以区分出3种基因型,简便易行、成本低、稳定性好,显著提高了目标性状选择效率。同时,以耐盐性强、油食兼用型北方大花生品种宇花2号(YH2)做母本,高油酸花生潍花25号(WH25)作父本,配制杂交组合,利用系谱法逐代进行田间农艺性状筛选,并运用MITE标记辅助进行F1真杂种和后代单株基因型鉴别,获得了5个半直立型和1个直立型高油酸花生新品系。并且,对这些品系主要种子品质性状和耐盐性进行了调查分析。

High oleate peanut is more and more popular in food,oil processing,seed industry and so on be⁃cause of its high quality of oil components.However,the varieties with high oleate cultivated at recent years have narrow genetic diversity.It is necessary to develop novel molecular markers and breed high oleate varieties(lines)with excellent characteristics and wide adaptability,and to broad the genetic background resources of domestic pea⁃nut.In this study,with respect to the high oleic acid mutant with F458 background,resulting from the MITE inser⁃tion into peanut AhFAD2B gene,a MITE molecular marker was developed for assisted-selecting of F1 hybrids and the single plant in the offspring generation.This marker and detection method could distinguish three types of geno⁃types through 1 round of conventional PCR reaction and common agarose gel electrophoresis.It has the advantages of easy operation,low cost and good stability,and significantly improved the efficiency of target trait selection.In or⁃der to breed new germplasm of high oleate peanut,the hybrid combination was made with Yuhua 2(YH2),a peanut cultivar with strong salt tolerance and edible oil as the female parent,and Weihua25(WH25),a high oleic acid pea⁃nut as the male parent.Finally,six(5 with semi-erect type and 1 with erect type)new high oleate lines were ob⁃tained through screening agronomic traits by pedigree method,and the genotype identification of F1 true hybrids and the single plant of offspring generation assisted by MITE maker.Meanwhile,the quality characteristics and salt tolerance of the main seeds of these lines were investigated and analyzed.