夏季暴雨引发的城市供水水质污染风险及防治对策

Pollution risk of urban water supply caused by rainstorm in summer and its prevention countermeasures

受全球气候变化的影响,我国暴雨事件发生的频率有逐年增高的趋势。强降雨期间形成的暴雨径流对土地有强烈的冲刷作用,并可以携带大量的污染物如泥沙颗粒、重金属、有机污染物以及人和动物的粪便等进入饮用水水源地,这会直接导致水质恶化,并可能对人类饮水安全造成严重威胁。本文从浊度、有机物和微生物三方面解析了暴雨对城市水源水的污染风险,并针对污染源解析和水质污染特征提出了相应的水源地管理与水厂工艺改进措施,以期为城市饮用水安全提供技术保障。

Affected by global climate change,the frequency of heavy rain events in China tends to increase year by year.The storm runoff formed during heavy rainfall has a strong scouring effect on the land,and can carry a large amount of pollutants such as sediment particles,heavy metals,organic pollutants,and human and animal feces into the drinking water source.This will directly lead to the deterioration of water quality and may pose a serious threat to human drinking water safety.This article analyzes the pollution risks of heavy rain to urban water sources from three aspects:turbidity,organic matter and microorganisms.Based on the analysis of pollution sources and the characteristics of water quality pollution,corresponding water source management and water plant process improvement measures are proposed in order to provide technical guarantee for urban drinking water safety.