改良压疮评估量表用于骨科手术病人压力性损伤评估的可行性分析

Feasibility analysis of a modified pressure ulcer assessment scale for the assessment of stress injury in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery

目的探索一种适用于骨科手术病人的压疮风险因素评估量表并对其临床可行性进行分析。方法通过小组会议、文献查询及医生评议等方法,形成骨科手术病人压疮风险评估初期量表,采用专家论证和患者预试验构建正式量表,并进行量表的临床观察,与Braden压疮风险因素评估量表、Munro压疮风险因素评估量表进行对比。结果构建的骨科手术病人压疮风险评估量表,包括2个维度,9个条目,经临床试用7个月,手术压疮发生率为0,与Braden及Munro压疮风险因素评估量表比较,压疮风险评估灵敏度高,压疮发生率明显降低,且护士评估用时短、接受程度高。结论骨科手术病人压疮评估表在压疮风险等级评分评估、针对性采取的压疮预防措施及压疮发生率方面效果好,护士接受程度高、实用性强,可作为骨科手术病人压疮风险的评估工具。

Objective To explore a pressure ulcer risk factor assessment scale for orthopedic surgery patients and analyze its clinical feasibility.Methods Through the methods of group meeting,literature search and doctor’s evaluation,the preliminary scale of pressure ulcer risk assessment for orthopedic surgery patients was formed.The formal scale was constructed by expert demonstration and patient pre-test,and the clinical observation of the scale was carried out.The results were compared with Braden pressure ulcer risk factor assessment scale and Munro pressure ulcer risk factor assessment scale.Results The risk assessment scalefor in orthopedic surgical patients included 2 dimensions and 9 items.The incidence of pressure sores was 0 after 7 months of clinical trial,and the incidence of pressure sores was significantly lower than Braden and Munro pressure ulcers risk assessment scalefor.In addition,nurses’ evaluation time is short and their acceptance is high.Conclusion The clinical trial of the pressure ulcers risk assessment scalefor in orthopedic surgical patients was better than Braden and Munro pressure ulcers risk assessment scalefor.It can be used as a tool to evaluate the risk ofpressure ulcer in orthopedic surgical patients.