彩色多普勒超声诊断小儿先天性心脏病的临床分析

Clinical analysis of color Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of congenital heart disease in children

目的探讨对小儿先天性心脏病患儿实施彩色多普勒超声诊断的应用价值。方法 100例小儿先天性心脏病患儿,采用数字奇偶法分为诊断组和对照组,每组50例。对照组采用听诊杂音方法进行疾病诊断。诊断组采用彩色多普勒超声方法进行疾病诊断。观察对比两组患儿的诊断准确率。结果诊断组患儿诊断出室间隔缺损(VSD)14例,动脉导管未闭(PDA)14例,房间隔缺损(ASD)10例,法洛四联症(TOF)6例,肺动脉闭锁合并室间隔缺损(PA/VSD)4例;对照组患儿诊断出VSD 10例, PDA12例, ASD 6例, TOF 5例, PA/VSD 1例;诊断组患儿的总诊断准确率96.00%(48/50)高于对照组的68.00%(34/50),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大动脉短轴示肺动脉发育不良,瓣膜无启闭,未见前向血流通过;左室长轴示室间隔连续性中断;剑突下四腔心示房水平穿隔血流通过;大动脉短轴示肺动脉与降主动脉间见血流经过异常通道。结论与听诊杂音方法比较,彩色多普勒超声可有效提升小儿先天性心脏病患儿诊断准确率,可以明确VSD、PDA、TOF、PA/VSD以及ASD等系列疾病,最终实现小儿先天性心脏病患儿的早期确诊以及有效治疗。

Objective To discuss the practical value of color Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of congenital heart disease in children.Methods A total of 100 children with congenital heart disease were divided into diagnostic group and control group according to digital parity method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received auscultation method for disease diagnosis,and the diagnostic group received color Doppler ultrasound for disease diagnosis.The diagnostic accuracy of the two groups was observed and compared.Results In the diagnostic group,there were 14 cases of ventricular septal defect(VSD),14 cases of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),10 cases of atrial septal defect(ASD),6 cases of tetralogy of Fallot(TOF),4 cases of pulmonary atresia complicated with ventricular septal defect(PA/VSD);in the control group,10 cases of VSD,12 cases of PDA,6 cases of ASD,5 cases of TOF and 1 case of PA/VSD.The total diagnostic accuracy 96.00%(48/50)of diagnostic group was higher than 68.00%(34/50)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The short axis of the aorta showed the pulmonary artery dysplasia,the valve was not open and closed,and the forward blood flow was not seen;the long axis of the left ventricle showed the continuity of the ventricular septum;the four-chamber heart under the xiphoid process showed the atrial horizontal transseptal blood flow;the short axis of the aorta showed abnormal blood flow between the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta.Conclusion Compared with auscultation method,color Doppler ultrasound can effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of children with congenital heart disease,and can clearly diagnose VSD,PDA,TOF,PA/VSD and ASD and other diseases,so as to realize the early diagnosis and effective treatment of children with congenital heart disease.