汉语话题结构的心理实验研究:进展与展望

Psycholinguistic Studies on Chinese Topic Structures:A Critical Review

话题优先是汉语的重要类型特点之一。近年来,针对汉语话题结构的加工机制,学界开展了系列实验研究,内容涵盖话题加工是否涉及"填充语—空位"依存关系,影响话题加工的句法、语义、语用因素,话题在话语加工中的可及性表现等,但结论不尽一致。本文拟对该领域已有研究进行梳理,并对实验结果的不一致性展开讨论。在未来研究中,还可加强不同类型话题结构的对比研究、话题标记的加工研究、话题结构的产出研究、跨语言对比研究等。

Topic-prominence is an important typological feature of Chinese.In recent years,psycholinguistic studies investigating processing mechanisms of Chinese topicalization structures have covered a range of issues,including the presence versus absence of’filler-gap’dependency in topic processing,factors affecting topic processing,and accessibility of topic structures in discourse processing.Yet the conclusions are largely inconsistent.Future work on Chinese topicalization structure is called for regardingcomparisons between different kinds of topic structures,processing of topic markers,production of topicalized structures,and cross-linguistic comparisons.