籼型杂交水稻农艺性状的配合力及遗传力研究

A Study on Combining Ability and Heritability of Agronomic Trait of Indica Hybrid Rice

本研究按照NCⅡ遗传交配设计,以5个三系野败籼型不育系与2个籼型强恢复系杂交配组,分析各农艺性状配合力、遗传力及相互关系。结果表明,株高、穗长、单株实粒数、单株总粒数、千粒重、日产量、单株产量性状受亲本的基因加性效应作用,结实率受亲本的基因加性和非加性效应共同作用,加性效应起着相对重要的作用,单株有效穗受亲本的基因加性和非加性效应对后代性状影响比较一致;一般配合力效应分析表明较好的亲本为P1A和R102。杂交稻组合株高、穗长的特殊配合力主要和恢复系的一般配合力关联较大,和母本的一般配合力关联不大;其它的7个性状,若双亲一般配合力较高,杂种F_1组合的特殊配合力也较高。杂交稻9个性状特殊配合力最好的组合为P2A/R102,其次是P1A/R102。

In present study, under North Carolina design Ⅱ, 5 sterile lines and 2 restorer lines were analyzed by crossing test so as to study the combining ability, habitability and correlation of each major agronomic characters. The results showed that plant height, panicle length, filled grains per plant, grains per plant, 1 000-grain weight, yield per day, yield per plant by parent gene additive effect, seed set of parent gene additive and the additive effect work together, additive effect played a relatively important role, effective tillers per plant by additive genes of the parents and the additive effect had more consistent effects on offspring traits. General combining ability effect analysis showed that the better parents were P1A and R102. The special combining ability of plant height and panicle length in hybrid rice combination was mainly correlated with the general combining ability of restorer line, whereas not with the general combining ability of parent. For the other 7 traits, if the general combining ability of both parents was higher, the special combining ability of hybrid F1 combinations was also higher. The best combination of special combining ability of 9 traits in hybrid rice was P2 A/R102, followed by P1 A/R102.