圆纹广翅蜡蝉产卵规律及温度对越冬卵发育的影响

Oviposition Behavior and Effect of Temperature on the Overwintering Egg Development of Pochazia Guttifera

为了阐明圆纹广翅蜡蝉(Pochazia guttifera Walker)产卵对茶树的为害规律及温度对其越冬卵发育的影响,通过五点取样法,系统调查了圆纹广翅蜡蝉产卵对茶树的为害情况,并研究了16、19、22、25、28℃恒温对圆纹广翅蜡蝉越冬卵发育的影响。结果表明,圆纹广翅蜡蝉成虫喜欢在直径为(0.23±0.04)cm的茶树幼嫩枝条上产卵,产卵刻痕在枝条上的为害长度为(1.36±0.59)cm。在茶园周围有较多寄主林木且管理较为粗放的马鞍山茶叶试验场阶梯茶园内,茶树枝条的受害率为13.35%,显著高于其他茶园。此外,越冬卵的发育历期,随着温度的升高逐渐缩短,28℃处理的越冬卵发育历期为(28.75±7.03)d,若虫初孵时间较早,孵化率较高。温度与圆纹广翅蜡蝉越冬卵发育速率关系满足方程y=0.0019x-0.022,越冬卵的发育起点温度为11.58℃,有效积温为526.32 d·℃。本研究对信阳茶区圆纹广翅蜡蝉越冬种群发生期的预测预报和防控策略的制定具有重要的指导意义。

In order to clarify oviposition behavior and effect of temperature on the overwintering egg development of Pochazia guttifera Walker,its occurrence and damage were systematically investigated by five-point sampling method,and the effect of temperature(16℃,19℃,22℃,25℃and 28℃)on the development of its overwintering egg was also studied.The results show that P.gutifera preferred to lay overwintering eggs in tea branches with diameter of(0.23±0.04)cm.The mean length of oviposition scar damaged on tea branch was(1.36±0.59)cm,and the damage rates(13.35%)of tea branch in Maanshan tea garden(managed extensively and more host plants around)was significantly higher than others.The results also indicate that the developmental duration of overwintering eggs decreased with the increase of temperature.The developmental duration of the overwintering eggs was(28.75±7.03)d at 28℃.The initial hatching time of nymph was earlier and the hatching rate was higher at 28℃.The linear relationship between the temperature and the developmental rate of overwintering eggs was y=0.0019x-0.022,and the developmental threshold temperature was 11.58℃.The effective accumulated temperature was 526.32 d·℃.This study provided a theoretical basis for prediction and control strategies of the overwintering population of this pest.