中国经验:从中国制造到中国智造--改革开放以来中国制造业政策范式变迁

Chinese Experience:From“Made in China”to“Made with Intelligence in China”-The Paradigm Evolvement of Chinese Manufacturing Policy since Reform and Opening-up

以改革开放后历次《五年规划》中的制造业相关文本和《中华人民共和国国务院公报》中共795条制造业政策为样本,采用历史分析法和内容分析法对政策文本进行分析。研究发现,改革开放后中国制造业政策到目前大体经历了三个阶段:恢复发展时期(1978—2005年)、调整发展时期(2006—2014年)、智能发展时期(2015年—)。三个阶段的政策范式都以促进制造业发展为根本目的,各阶段主题各有侧重,新范式的出现是为了破解上一阶段所面临的困境。中国制造业逐步升级,注重品质化、创新化、智能化,力图从实体经济、品牌意识及人才培养等方面全力突破。

Based on the relevant texts of manufacturing industry in The Five-Year Plan and 795 manufacturing policies in Gazette of the State Council of the People s Republic of China as samples since reforming and opening-up,this research analyzes the policy texts by means of historical analysis and literature analysis.The study reveals that Chinese manufacturing policy has generally experienced three paradigms since reforming and opening-up:the resuming paradigm(1978-2005),the adjustment paradigm(2006-2014),and the intelligent development paradigm(2015-).The three policy paradigms all aim at promoting the development of the manufacturing industry,and each stage has its own focus.The emergence of the new paradigm is to solve the challenges faced in the previous stage.This study provides a policy perspective to observe“Made in China”,which is helpful to understand its development.