基于升降平台的三维激光扫描技术应用研究

Application of 3D Laser Scanning Technology Based on Lifting Platform

为了解决地面激光扫描仪在铁路勘测中易受安装高度、扫描场景和扫描精度等影响的问题,将专门研制的气压式升降平台与地面三维激光扫描仪相结合,并应用于天津某既有营运铁路扫描试验中,通过设置不同的扫描半径和测站间距,分析RIEGL VZ-1000地面激光扫描仪的点云密度、扫描精度和拼接精度。试验结果表明,通过提高激光扫描仪的安装高度,能够有效克服既有铁路营业线附属遮挡物的影响,并极大地优化扫描角度,从而获取高质量的点云数据;通过分析多测站的试验数据,确定该激光扫描仪最优扫描半径为75 m左右,且拼接精度优于0.1 m。该研究为“无接触”式的既有线勘测提供了可行的解决方案。

In order to solve the problem that the ground laser scanner is susceptible to installation height,scanning scene and accuracy,a special pneumatic lifting platform combined with ground three-dimensional laser scanner was adopted for a scanning test of an existing railway in Tianjin.The point cloud density,scanning accuracy and stitching accuracy were analyzed by setting different scanning radius and station spacing of RIEGL vz-1000 ground laser scanner.The test results show that by increasing the installation height of the laser scanner,the influence of auxiliary obstructions of existing railway can be effectively reduced,and the scanning angle can be greatly optimized which help obtain high-quality point cloud data.By analyzing the test data of multiple stations,it can be determined that the optimal scanning radius of the laser scanner is about 75 m,and the splicing accuracy is better than 0.1 m.The research provides a feasible solution to the“noncontact”survey for existing railway lines.