无人机机载LiDAR在铁路勘测中的应用探讨

Discussion on the Application of UAV LiDAR in Railway Survey

为解决航测技术在铁路勘测中的应用问题,从铁路勘测和机载LiDAR的应用现状分析入手,认为无人机机载LiDAR可提高铁路勘测效率并降低成本。对无人机机载LiDAR的数据处理流程及其在铁路勘测中的具体应用进行分析,得出以下结论:(1)无人机机载LiDAR具有机动性能好、环境适应能力强、精度可靠等优势,将其应用于铁路勘测中,可作为传统数码航空摄影、有人机机载LiDAR、三角翼搭载轻型LiDAR等航测技术的有效补充;(2)通过点云消冗的方法,可有效消除航带重叠处点云密集情况,并能剔除部分系统误差和粗差,保证点云成果整体精度的可靠性和均匀性;(3)无人机机载LiDAR点云精度可靠,绝对精度高,可用于铁路勘测高精度DEM、地形图、横断面制作等实际生产中。

In order to solve the application of aerial survey technology in railway survey,which starts with the analysis of the current situation of railway survey and the application of airborne LiDAR.It is believed that airborne UAV LiDAR is suitable for railway survey project,which can improve operation efficiency and reduce cost.Through the data processing of uav airborne LiDAR process and its specific application in railway survey analysis,and successful application in a certain railway survey project,the following conclusions:(1)the uav airborne laser LiDAR,motor performance is good,strong environment adaptiveness,the advantage of accuracy and reliable,its application in railway survey,can be used as a traditional digital aerial photography,man-machine airborne LiDAR,delta wing with light LiDAR aerial technology such as the effective complement;(2)The point cloud redundancy elimination method can effectively eliminate the point cloud density at the overlap of the navigation belts,and eliminate some system errors and gross errors to ensure the reliability and uniformity of the overall accuracy of the point cloud results;(3)Uav airborne LiDAR point cloud has reliable accuracy and high absolute accuracy,which can be used in railway surveying,such as high precision DEM production,topographic map production,cross section production.