国家安全法治建设视野下的香港国安立法

Hong Kong’s National Security Legislation in the Context of Construction of Rule of Law for National Security

《香港国安法》的出台在我国国家安全法治建设中具有里程碑的意义,开创了国家最高立法机构为地方行政区域国家安全事务立法的先例。《香港国安法》具有《宪法》《基本法》的法理基础,满足了止暴制乱的内部需要和应对外国或者境外势力干涉的外部需要。《香港国安法》不但是实体法、程序法也是组织法,在内容上追求明确性的最大化、维护中央立法权威,同时照顾到香港的社会现实和法律传统,在内容和形式上作出变通规定。香港国安立法是一个开放的法律体系,香港特别行政区需要依据《香港国安法》制定相关实施细则。《香港国安法》需要在维护国家安全机构人员的法律责任、完善罪名规定、提升法律用语的规范性等方面进一步完善。

The promulgation of Hong Kong National Security Law has a milestone meaning in the construction of rule of law for national security in our country,and has set a precedent that the nation’s highest legislature legislate for national security affairs in local administrative regions.The Law has the legal basis of Constitution and The Basic Law,meeting the internal needs to stop violence and curb chaos and the external needs to deal with interference by foreign or overseas forces.Hong Kong Security Law is not only an substantive law,but also a procedural law.It maximizes clarity in content and upholds the authority of central legislation.At the same time,it takes into account Hong Kong’s social reality and legal traditions,and makes flexible provisions in content and form.Hong Kong’s National Security legislation is an open legal system,and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region needs to formulate relevant implementation rules in accordance with Hong Kong National Security Law.The law needs to be further improved in terms of safeguarding legal responsibility of personnel of state security agencies,improving provisions on charges and enhancing standardization of legal terms.