海底沉积物声学特性研究进展与探讨

Progress and discussions in acoustic properties of marine sediments

海底浅表层沉积物的声学特性是海洋声学研究的热点问题之一。为了准确呈现沉积物声学研究目前存在的问题,探讨该领域未来的研究方向,本文从饱和沉积物和含气沉积物2个方面出发进行研究。结合近十年来开展的研究工作和国内外相关领域的研究成果,分别概述了每个方面的理论(或模型)研究、实验观测、理论(或模型)验证的研究进展,分析了每个方面存在的问题及成因,总结出沉积物声学未来需要开展的3项重要研究内容。研究表明:实验室可控条件下的饱和沉积物低频声学特性研究,足够宽频带内的声速和衰减系数的系统性验证及气泡共振频率附近高含气量沉积物声速频散特性研究。

Acoustic property of seafloor surface sediments is one of the hotspots in ocean acoustics.To accurately present the current issues and discuss the development direction of sediment acoustics in the future,this paper reviews the research progress of theories(or models),experimental observations,and theory(or model)verifications in terms of saturated sediments and gas-bearing sediments,combining the work in the last decade and the related domestic and international results.Then,the problems and their causations are analyzed in each aspect.And finally,three important research contents of sediment acoustics in the future are summarized as follows:study on low-frequency acoustics of saturated sediments under controlled situations in laboratory,systematic validations of sound speed and attenuation in a sufficient frequency bandwidth,and study on the sound-speed dispersion of gas-bearing sediments with high content of bubbles near the resonant frequency of the bubbles.