中国旅游效率的空间关联网络结构及其解释

Spatial Correlation Network Structure and Its Interpretation of Tourism Efficiency in China

基于改进的DEA模型测度中国内地31省域的旅游效率,采用修正引力模型和社会网络分析法,构建旅游效率的空间关联关系,并深入探讨中国旅游效率空间关联网络结构的特征、传导机制及其影响因素。结果表明:1)2007-2016年中国省域旅游效率的空间关联关系呈现出复杂的网络结构;2)空间关联的整体网络结构特征上,旅游效率整体网络强度和网络关联性的时序演变呈现增强态势;3)空间关联的个体网络结构特征上,东部发达省域位于中心位置,易对其他省域产生影响但不易受其他省域影响,而中、西部省域处于网络结构的边缘地带,易受其他省域影响但不易对其他省域产生影响;4)空间关联的聚类特征上,第Ⅱ板块内部相关性较强,第Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ板块内部相关性较弱,第Ⅰ和第Ⅲ板块、第Ⅱ和第Ⅳ板块间存在双向空间溢出关系;5)省域间经济发展水平相近、城镇化步伐一致、产业结构差异缩小、空间距离缩短、对外开放程度接近均对中国旅游效率空间关联网络结构有显著的正向影响。

Based on the improved DEA model to measure the tourism efficiency of 31 provincial administrative regions in China,the modified gravity model and the social network analysis were used to construct the spatial correlation of tourism efficiency,and the characteristics,transmission mechanism and influencing factors of spatial correlation network structure of China′s tourism efficiency were deeply discussed.The conclusions are as follows.1)The spatial relationship of provincial tourism efficiency in China from 2007 to 2016 presented a complex network structure.2)In terms of the overall network structure characteristics of spatial correlation,the temporal evolution of network strength and network correlations of tourism efficiency have shown an increasing trend.3)In terms of the individual network structure characteristics of spatial correlation,the eastern developed provincial administrative regions were centrally located,easy to influence other provincial administrative regions but not easy to be affected by them,while the central and western provincial administrative regions were at the edge of the network structure,easy to be affected by other provincial administrative regions but not easy to affect them.4)The internal correlation of plateⅡis strong,while that of PlateⅠ,ⅢandⅣis weak.There is a two-way spatial spillover relationship between plate I and plateⅢas well as plateⅡand plateⅣ.5)The similar level of economic development among provinces,the coordination of urbanization,the narrowing of differences in industrial structure,the proximity of the degree of opening to the outside world and the shortening of spatial distance all have significant positive effects on the spatial correlation network structure of China′s tourism efficiency.