绿肥还田条件下化肥减施对土壤性状及花生产量的影响

Effects of Reducing Chemical Fertilizer Application on Soil Properties and Peanut Yield under Conditions of Returning Green Manure into Field

在花生-二月兰复种连作条件下,研究二月兰翻压还田基础上减施化肥对土壤性状及花生产量的影响。结果表明:与习惯施肥相比,二月兰翻压还田基础上减施10%~30%的化肥,土壤有机质含量提高14.6%~18.5%,碱解氮含量增加3.3%~6.1%,速效磷含量增加2.6%~4.8%,速效钾含量增加7.1%~8.8%,土壤容重降幅为8.2%~12.2%。与习惯施肥相比,二月兰翻压还田基础上减施10%~20%的化肥可明显提高花生叶片叶绿素含量,改善花生的农艺性状,增加花生产量,增幅为3.1%~7.2%。可见二月兰翻压还田能显著改善土壤理化性状,起到减肥增效的作用。

Under the conditions of continuous cropping of peanut and Orychophragmus violaceus,the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application were studied on soil properties and peanut yield on the basis of returning Orychophragmus violaceus into field.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,reducing 10%~30%chemical fertilizer on the basis of returning Orychophragmus violaceus into field could increase the soil organic matter content by 14.6%~18.5%,the alkali-hydrolysis nitrogen content by 3.3%~6.1%,the content of available phosphorus by 2.6%~4.8%and the content of available potassium by 7.1%~8.8%,and decrease the soil bulk density by 8.2%~12.2%.Compared with conventional fertilization,reducing 10%~20%of chemical fertilizer on the basis of returning Orychophragmus violaceus into field could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of leaves,improve the agronomic characteristics and increase the yield of peanut by 3.1%~7.2%.It could be seen that the soil physical and chemical properties were significantly improved by returning Orychophragmus violaceus into soil,which played roles on reducing chemical fertilizers and increasing efficiency.