土壤改良措施对盐碱地大豆产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Soil Improvement Measures on Soybean Yield and Quality in Saline-Alkali Soil

以改良培肥土壤、提高生产力为目标,在山东省东营市轻度盐碱地上开展增施有机肥、生物炭及土壤调理剂对大豆产量、品质和养分吸收影响的研究,探索轻度盐碱地大豆提质增效的土壤改良培肥措施。结果表明,与农民习惯施肥(FP)相比,不同改良措施(T1—T4)通过提高单株荚数和单株粒数实现大豆增产4.9%~22.9%,并促进了大豆对养分的吸收,氮、磷、钾吸收量分别提高5.1%~21.6%、3.7%~18.7%和7.1%~21.2%。不同改良措施对大豆品质也略有改善,粗脂肪含量较FP提高1.7%~5.6%,提高了粗蛋白和粗脂肪总量。四种改良措施相比,有机肥+生物炭+土壤调理剂(T4)处理对大豆提质、增产、促生的效果最佳。

In order to improve soil fertility and increase productivity,the application effects of organic fertilizer,biochar and soil conditioner on soybean yield,quality and nutrient uptake were carried out in saline-alkali soil in Dongying City,Shandong Province.The results showed that compared with the farmer’s practice(FP),different improvement measures(T1-T4)achieved the yield increase of soybean by 4.9%~22.9%through increasing the number of pods and grains per plant,and greatly promoted the uptake of nutrients.The NPK uptake increased by 5.1%~21.6%,3.7%~18.7%and 7.1%~21.2%,respectively.Soybean quality was slightly improved by different soil improvement measures.Compared with FP,the crude fat content increased by 1.7%~5.6%,and the total crude protein and crude fat content increased under different improvement measures.Among the four improvement measures,the T4 treatment of organic fertilizer+biochar+soil conditioner had the best effect on soybean quality,yield and growth.