设计教学法的新发展:面向深度学习

The New Development of Project Method:Facing Deep Learning

设计教学法作为“民主主义时代”的教学法,“五四”期间传入中国并成为民国时期基础教育领域除旧布新的改革利器。设计教学法以儿童志愿活动为中心、加强生活与教育的联系、跨学科开展教学活动等课程与教学变革,与近年来兴起的核心素养背景下深度学习的理论与实践具有耦合之处。设计教学法研究为深度学习提供了比较、借鉴、批判和扬弃的具体的历史场域。核心素养背景下的深度学习应当继承和发扬设计教学法进步主义的教育理念及其教学方法,进而权衡知识与经验、教师与学生、自主学习与社会参与、分科和跨学科课程之间的关系,并在教育的终极意义上促进儿童的精神成人和全面发展。

As a teaching method in the“Democratic Era”,project method was introduced into China during the May 4th Movement and became a sharp tool for the reform of basic education in the period of the Republic of China.The project method takes children’s voluntary activities as the center,strengthens the connection between life and education,and carries out interdisciplinary teaching activities,which are coupled with the theory and practice of deep learning under the background of core literacy.The research of project method provides a specific historical field of comparison,reference,criticism and sublation for deep learning.Deep learning under the background of core literacy should inherit and carry forward the progressive educational idea and teaching method of project method,balance the relationship between knowledge and experience,teachers and students,autonomous learning and social participation,subject curriculum and interdisciplinary curriculum,and promote children’s spiritual adult and all-round development in the ultimate sense of education.