中华卤虫(Artemia sinica)家系构建的几个关键技术

Several key techniques in family construction of Artemia sinica

为研究中华卤虫(Artemia sinica)家系构建过程中休眠卵收集参数以及影响其生殖方式的环境条件,实验利用中华卤虫四个地理品系野生卵在实验室条件下孵化培养后,通过品系间和品系内的交配繁殖所产生的F1代休眠卵为材料进行家系构建,一共成功构建了188个家系,其中29个半同胞家系。对各家系休眠卵的收集参数统计分析结果表明,多数家系在抱对后96h内便产生后代,但在抱对145h后产后代家系数明显减少,并以生产2批卵的家系最多,可以生产4批卵以上的家系较少。各家系产后代个数统计结果显示,以产卵量在151~200粒之间的家系最多。“可人工调控生殖方式”实验结果表明,促其营卵生的条件是盐度77‰、饵料21.43mg/2只。促其营卵胎生的条件是盐度30‰、饵料53.57mg/2只,因而在家系构建时可以利用“可人工调控生殖方式”来促其产生后代,以建立较多数量的家系来扩大选育种质资源,这或许也是解决半同胞家系构建困难的一个策略。

Several key techniques in family construction of A.sinica were studied.The artemia in this experiment was the F1offspring of the 4domestic populations by using self-and hybrid-mating.188 full-sib families,29sub-sib families were obtained.The quantitative statistics of collecting offspring for each family showed that the first batch of offspring being produced in 96h,in most families,after the clasping phenomenon being observed for the first time,but there was a linearly decrease of offspring produced after 145h.The total offspring number ranged from 151to 200with 2batches produced in most of the families.The“artificial control mode of reproduction”experiment gave us a result that the reproduction mode could be controlled with the salinity 77‰and food 21.43 mg/2samples for producing cysts(C1),while with the salinity 30‰and food 53.57mg/2samples for producing larvae(A2),respectively.Therefore,this mode can be used to construct a large amount of families,and it might be a method for sub-sib families construction.