攀西钒钛磁铁矿尾矿制备储水泡沫陶瓷的研究

Study on Preparation of Water-retaining Foam Ceramics from Vanadiumtitanium Magnetite Tailings

以攀西钒钛磁铁矿尾矿和废玻璃为主要原料通过高温烧结法制备储水泡沫陶瓷,研究原料配比和发泡剂(SiC)添加量对材料性能的影响。结果表明,随着钒钛磁铁矿尾矿含量的增加,材料的体积密度及抗压强度逐渐增大,平均气孔孔径逐渐减小;当尾矿添加量为50%时,材料的体积吸水率出现极值。当SiC添加量为0.3%时,材料内部气孔分布均匀,平均孔径约为2.93 mm。最终以50.0%的钒钛磁铁矿尾矿和50.0%的废玻璃为原料,外加3.0%的石英,0.3%的SiC,3.0%的Na_3PO_4,在1040℃制得性能最优的储水泡沫陶瓷,材料的体积密度为0.26 g/cm^3,体积吸水率为56.5%,抗压强度为0.68 MPa。采用SEM、XRD等检测手段研究材料的微观形貌及物相组成,结果表明储水泡沫陶瓷内部由三维立体结构组成,有利于储存水分;材料主要物相包括硅灰石、长石、透辉石和钛铁矿。

Water-retaining foam ceramics were successfully fabricated by high-temperature sintering using vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings(VTMT)and waste glass as the major raw materials.Meanwhile,the effects of VTMT content and SiC content on the properties of foam ceramics were investigated.The results showed that with the increase of the content of VTMT,the bulk density and compressive strength of the material increased,and the average pore size decreased gradually.When the addition amount of VTMT was 50%,the water absorption of the material displayed the extreme value.When the additive amount of SiC was 0.3%,the pores in the material were evenly distributed with an average pore size of approximately 2.93 mm.Finally,the optimum sample formed from 50.0%VTMT,50.0%waste glass,3.0%quartz sand,0.3%SiC and 3.0%Na3PO4 which sintered at 1040℃.The obtained samples had a bulk density of 0.26 g/cm3,water absorption of 56.5%,and compressive strength of 0.68 MPa.The microstructure and crystal composition of the material were studied by means of SEM and XRD.The results showed that the water-retaining foam ceramic was composed of a three-dimensional structure,which was favorable for water storage.The main crystal phases of the material included wollastonite,feldspar,diopside and ilmenite.