我国医疗资源供给模式及策略研究——以重大突发公共卫生事件为背景

RESEARCH ON MODES AND STRATEGIES FOR THE SUPPLY OF MEDICAL RESOURCES IN CHINA BASED ON MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCIES

我国医疗资源供给是结合当地的人口规模、交通区位、经济发展及城镇化格局等因素,按照一定的标准进行配置的。在突发公共卫生事件爆发后,当地现有的医疗资源往往难以满足特殊情况下爆发式的医疗需求,而传染病医学要求是就地治疗,医院的扩容扩建是疫情所在地的必然选择。本文基于我国在突发公共卫生事件下的医疗资源应急实践,总结出5种医疗资源供给模式,并结合突发公共卫生事件管控的阶段性,提出区域内的横向协调和外部救援的纵向调度两大医疗资源供给策略。同时针对抗击新冠肺炎的实践经验,提出加强传染病防控的可持续建设,将小汤山医院模式纳入传染病防护体系中,制定方舱医院的建设标准,形成海绵式的医疗资源供给网络。

Medical resources in China are allocated according to certain standards,such as population,transportation and location,economic development,urbanization pattern,etc.In the case of public health emergencies,the local medical resources are often unable to meet the explosive medical needs under special circumstances.Considering the treatment of infectious diseases that requires in situ treatment,expansion is the inevitable choice for the hospital during the epidemic outbreak.Based on the emergency practice of medical resources under public health emergencies in China,the paper summarizes five modes of medical resource supply,and proposes two strategies of horizontal coordination within the region and vertical dispatching of external rescue,according to the phased management and control of public health emergencies.Combined with the practical experience in fighting with COVID-19,this paper puts forward stressing on the sustained promotion of prevention and control of infectious diseases,incorporating Xiaotangshan medical service into the infectious disease protection system,and establishing the construction standard of mobile cabin hospital,so as to form a flexible network of medical resources.