论元明清时期中央王朝对“苗疆走廊”的经营及其影响

A Discussion on the Operation and Influence of the Central Government on the“MiaoJiang”in Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties

贵州位处西南“苗疆”腹地,内有多条驿路穿过,因历史上一直发挥着“走廊”作用,故学界称之为“苗疆走廊”。该走廊北连川渝,西通滇省,东入湖广,南接广西,战略地位堪为重要。然走廊内生态背景复杂多样,诸族杂居,一旦有警,便群情涌动,影响朝廷西南、西北、东南政策的实施,为历代王朝所重视。元明清时期,为加强“苗疆走廊”的稳定,朝廷在此置土司、设卫所以拱卫之,进而又推行改土归流、开辟苗疆等军事行动,在巩固元明清诸朝西南统治方面发挥了积极作用。

Guizhou is located in the hinterland of the southwest“MiaoJiang”,with many post roads passing through it.It is called MiaoJiang Corridor for its role of“corridor”in history,which connects Sichuan and Chongqing in the north,Yunnan Province in the west,Huguang in the east,and Guangxi in the south.However,the ecological background of the corridor is complex and diverse,for all ethnic groups live together.Once there is an alarm,there are public sentiment surging,affecting the implementation of the government s policies in the southwest,northwest and southeast,which has been paid attention to by successive dynasties.In Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,in order to strengthen the stability of the“MiaoJiang Corridor”,the court set up a chieftain and a guard to guard it,and then carried out military actions such as bureaucratization of native officers and opening up Miao territory,which played a positive role in consolidating the rule of southwest rule in Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties.