北宋文学家马存考论

An Examination on Ma Cun: A Writer of the Northern Song Dynasty

马存是北宋中后期一位具有独特思想和风格的重要文学家,在两宋时期有着较大影响。由于被列入"元祐党人",其文集在北宋崇宁年间被禁毁。后人重编的文集又屡遭磨难并最终失传,导致马存文名不显。除了一度被误认为"唐人"外,在宋代文学研究中,仅有学者关注到其诗歌创作而少有全面考察其文章者,《全宋文》对马存文章失收即是证明。对马存生平作出考索,对其存世佚文作出全面收集,对其文集编散过程及其诗文创作的特色等作出细致描述和评价,可以为宋代文学研究提供一些新的资料和线索。

Ma Cun was a significant writer with unique ideas and styles in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty, likewise, he was influential in both Song Dynasties. Being listed as a member of the"Yuanyou Faction", the collections of his writings were forbidden in the Congning years of the Northern Dynasty. Following his death, subsequent versions of his works were also frequently prohibited and finally lost, therefore, Ma Cun became unknown in the history of literature for a long time. He was once mistaken as an author from the Tang Dynasty, only his poetry writing had been identified while a full examination on his essays was rare. The fact that Ma Cun’s essays were not included in The Collection of Essays in the Song Dynasties is one piece of evidence which suggests this. By exploring his life, attempting to collect all of his lost works, recording the editorial process of his writing, as well as assessing the style of his poetry and essay composition, we can provide new resources and clues for the study about the literature of the Song Dynasties.