论我国专利法框架内遗传资源来源披露制度的优化路径

On the Optimization Path for Source Disclosure System of Genetic Resources within the Framework of China's Patent Law

作为一个生物多样性极其丰富的国家,我国对于落实国际公约中有关遗传资源保护的价值追求有着迫切的需要,其中专利法框架内的来源披露制度是实现途径之一。提高生物多样性的保护水平客观上意味着强化来源披露标准,但过于激进的义务设定则扭曲了专利制度的精神。因此恰当的来源披露规则应当建立在充分考量及理解制度目标的前提下,通过客体界定、披露范围、启动条件和法律责任等制度要素的优化,设定理性且富有效率的来源披露要求。

As a country with extremely rich biodiversity,China has an urgent need to implement the value pursuit ofgenetic resource protection in international conventions.The source disclosure system within the framework of the PatentLaw is one of the approaches for realization.Improving the protection of biodiversity objectively means strengthening thesource disclosure standards,but the excessively radical obligation setting distorts the spirit of the patent system.Therefore,appropriate source disclosure rules should be established on the premise of full consideration and understanding of the sys-tem objectives.We can set rational and efficient source disclosure requirements through the optimization of system ele-ments,such as object definition,disclosure scope,initiation conditions and legal liabilities.