资源环境约束下的西北农业结构调整与产业化发展对策

Countermeasures for adjustment of agricultural structure and development of industries restrained by resources and envi ronment in Northwest China

西北地区农业资源有5个优势和水资源短缺、生态环境脆弱、区位偏僻、社会资源贫瘠四大制约因素。在资源约束下,农业结构调整与优化的3个主导方向是强化农牧结合,大力发展食草性畜牧业;发展高附加值、创汇型园艺植物;扩大农业空间,稳步发展沙漠农业。同时强调农业产业化,一要扩大产业化门路,二要延长产业链,三要提高档次。并提出改善、保护生态环境,发展生态经济型农业等5个方面的对策。

The paper analyzes the advantages and restriction of agricultural resources in North-west China,i.e.,shortage of water resources,vulnerability of eco-environment,obscurity of loca-tion and poverty of social resources;discusses the three ways of adjusting and optimizing agricul-tural structure with resources restriction and agricultural industrialization,i.e.,to strengthen the combination of agriculture with animal husbandry by developing herbivorous herd,to develop value added and foreign exchange earning horticulture and to enlarge agricultural space by de-veloping desert agriculture;and proposes the corresponding countermeasures for developing eco-economic agriculture and protecting eco-environment.